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TCP/IP Network Basics 7

Agilent Connectivity Guide 171

sender re-sends the packet. This figure shows a network in which the

source and destination are using TCP and summarizes the steps to use

TCP for communication between hosts.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is

used for connectionless, non-guaranteed communication. Unlike TDP,

UDP does not set up a connection and does not use acknowledgements.

Instead, UDP sends out packets without waiting for acknowledgement

from the destination.

The Application Layer

The Application Layer is the layer where requests for data or services

are processed. Applications at this layer are waiting for requests to

process and all applications are “listening” at their respective

port. The

Application Layer has two protocols:

• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Figure 59 TCP Comunication

Router

Source Destination

Steps

1. Source sends a packet to destination to set up communication.

2. Destination sends acknowledgement to establish communication.

3. Source sends another packet that confirms connection.

4. Source sends a data packet and waits for destination acknowledgement.

5. If acknowledgement is not received, source re-sends the packet.

If acknowledgement is received, source sends the next packet.

TCP Communication

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Agilent Technologies E2094S Manual de Serviço Página 171