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Noise Source Selection

Theothercriticalpieceofequipmentneededtomakeanoisefiguremeasurement

isanoisesource.Noisesourcescontributetoyourtotalmeasurementnoise

figureviaENRuncertaintyandinputmismatch.

Theoutputofanoisesourceisdefinedintermsofitsfrequencyrangeandexcess

noiseratio(ENR).NominalENRvaluesof6dBand15dBarecommonlyavailable.

AlowENRnoisesourcewillminimizeerrorduetonoisedetectornon-linearity.

Thiserrorwillbesmallerifthemeasurementismadeoverasmaller,andtherefore

morelinear,rangeoftheinstrument’sdetector.A6dBnoisesourceusesasmaller

detectorrangethana15dBnoisesource.

Usea15dBnoisesourcefor:

 • General-purposeapplicationstomeasurenoisefigureupto30dB

 •User-calibratingthefullestdynamicrangeofaninstrumentbeforemeasuring

  high-gaindevices

Usea6dBnoisesourcefor:

 •Measuringadevicewithgainthatisespeciallysensitivetochangesinthe

  sourceimpedance

 •Thedeviceundertest(DUT)hasaverylownoisefigure

 •Thedevicenoisefiguredoesnotexceed15dB

Agilentoffersthreedifferentfamiliesofnoisesources,andallmaybeusedin

conjunctionwiththeNFA.Thesmartnoisesourcessimplifymeasurementset-up

andimproveaccuracyandreliability,automaticallydownloadingelectronically

storedcalibrationdatatotheinstrumenttosavevaluabletime.The346Series

noisesourcesarethetraditionalandmostcost-effectivesolution,offeringthe

widestrangeoffrequencycoverage.Lastly,Agilentoffershigh-frequencynoise

sourcesforcustomersmakingmeasurementsabove26.5GHz.Ifonesourcedoes

notincludebothfrequencyranges,asecondsourcewillberequired.Asecond

noisesourcemayalsobenecessarywhenmeasuringanon-frequencytranslating

devicewithlownoisefigureandhighgain.

FormoreinformationonthesenoisesourcesseetheNoise Figure Selection Guide,

literaturenumber5989-8056EN,orapplicationnote57-3,“10 Hints for Making

Successful Noise Figure Measurements,” literaturenumber5980-0288E,

bothavailableatwww.agilent.com/find/nf.

Helpful tip:Agilent’smost

popularnoisesourcesarethe

N4000Asmartnoisesourcesand

346Btraditionalnoisesource.

Noise source ENR Frequency range

 N4000A 4.6–6.5dB 10MHz–18GHz

Smart Noise

 N4001A 14–16dB 10MHz–18GHz

Sources

 N4002A 12–17dB1 10MHz–26GHz

 346A 5–7dB 10MHz–18GHz

Traditional

 346B 14–16dB 10MHz–18GHz

Noise Sources

 346C 12–17dB 10MHz–26GHz

 346CK01 21dB 1GHz–50GHz

High Frequency

 Q347B 6–13dB 33GHz–50GHz

Noise Sources

 R347B 10–13dB 26.5GHz–40GHz

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