Agilent Technologies 41A Especificações Página 1

User’s ReferencePublication number 01660-97034Second edition, January 2000For Safety information, Warranties, and Regulatoryinformation, see the pages

Print Field 11–35Run Field 11–3512 The Trigger MenuTrigger Sequence Levels 12–6Modify Trigger Field 12–8Pre-defined Trigger Macros 12–11Using Mac

How to Load a FileThe Load operation allows you to load prestored configuration files. Use thisoperation when you want to quickly restore the analyze

4 Turn the knob to highlight the file type you want to load, then pressthe Select key.The System choice loads things like Bus and display configuratio

How to Format a DiskThe Format operation allows you to initialize new disks for use in the logicanalyzer. The analyzer will format double-sided, doub

4 Highlight the LIF or DOS format field, then press the Select key.The instrument will recognize a variety of sector sizes for LIF disks. Whenformatt

How to Store Files on a DiskThe Store operation allows you to store instrument configurations andmeasurement data. Use this operation when you want to

4 Turn the knob to highlight the file type you want to store, then pressthe Select key.The System choice stores things like Bus and display configurat

7 Press the arrow keys to move the cursor to the file description field.File Description Field8 Using the front-panel keypad, type in a description of

How to Rename a FileThe Rename operation allows you to give a new name to a previously storedfile. The only restriction is that you cannot rename a f

5 Press the arrow keys to move the cursor to the new filename field.New Filename Field6 Using the front-panel keypad, type in the new filename , then

How to Autoload a FileThe Autoload operation allows you to designate a set of configuration files tobe loaded automatically the next time the instrume

Stop Measurement Field 13–13Clear Pattern Field 13–16Time Markers 13–17Trig to X / Trig to O Fields 13–18Statistics Markers 13–19States Markers (

5 Turn the knob until the filename you want to autoload is scrolled intothe filename parameter field.6 Press the arrow keys to move the cursor to the

How to Purge a FileThe Purge operation allows you to delete a file from the list of filenames. Thefile type can be either the analyzer type or All ty

How to Copy a FileThe Copy operation allows you to make a duplicate copy of an existing file onthe same disk or a different disk. If you copy the fil

44 Highlight the file type to copy, then press the Select key.The All selection allows you to copy the system and analyzer parts of aconfiguation file

How to Pack a DiskBy purging files from the disk and adding other files, you may end up withblank areas on the disk (between files) that are too small

How to Duplicate a DiskThe Duplicate Disk operation copies the volume labels and directories fromone disk to another. If necessary, the new disk is f

3 Highlight the Continue field, then press the Select key.When “Insert DESTINATION disk” appears, insert the destination disk intothe disk drive, and

How to Make a DirectoryThe Make a Directory operation is used to create a new, blank directory orsub-directory on a DOS disk. After a new directory i

5 To select the new directory, or display the contents of a differentdirectory, press the arrow keys to move the cursor to the Change Dir.field, then

7The RS-232C, GPIB, andCentronix Interface

Time Markers 14–26Trig to X / Trig to O Fields 14–27Marker Label / Base and Display 14–28Statistics Markers 14–29States Markers (State only) 14–3

The RS-232C, GPIB, and CentronixInterfaceThis chapter describes the controller and printer interfaces and theirconfiguration. It defines the GPIB int

RS-232 / GPIB Menu Map (1660A through 1663A)The following menu map illustrates all fields and the available optionsin the RS-232 / GPIB menu. The men

RS-232 / GPIB Menu Map (Cont).The RS-232C, GPIB, and Centronix Interface7–4

Printer/Controller Menu Map (1664A)The following menu map illustrates all fields and the available options in thePrinter/Controller menu. The menu ma

Printer/Controller Menu Map (Cont).The RS-232C, GPIB, and Centronix Interface7–6

The Controller InterfaceThe instrument is equipped with a standard RS-232C interface and anGPIB interface that allow you to connect to a controller (G

The GPIB InterfaceThe General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) is Agilent Technologies’implementation of IEEE Standard 488-1978, “Standard Digital Interfa

Selecting an Address (1664A)The GPIB address can be set to 31 different GPIB addresses, from 0 to 30.Simply choose a compatible address of your device

The RS-232C InterfaceThe RS-232C interface is Agilent Technologies’ implementation of EIARecommended Standard RS-232C, “Interface Between Data Termina

Baud RateThe baud rate is the rate at which bits are transferred between the interfaceand the peripheral. The baud rate must be set to transmit and r

Pattern Markers 16–12Find X-pattern / O-pattern Field 16–13Pattern Occurrence Fields 16–14From Trigger / Start / X-Marker Fields 16–15Specify Patt

ProtocolProtocol governs the flow of data between the instrument and the externaldevice.To change the protocol, select the Protocol field, then select

The Centronix Interface (1664A Only)The Centronix interface is Agilent Technologies’ implementation of theindustry standard parallel printer interface

Configuring the Interface for a Controller or a Printer(1660A through 1663A Only)To configure the GPIB or RS-232C interfaces for a controller or a pri

8The System Utilities

The System UtilitiesThe System Utilities menu is used for setting system level parameterssuch as the system clock, display intensity for each grey sha

The Utilities Menu MapThe following menu map illustrates all fields and the available optionsin the Utilities menu. The menu map will help you get an

Real Time Clock Adjustments (1660A Through 1663AOnly)A real time clock is displayed in the Waveform and Listing display menus.When you print a screen,

Update FLASH ROM (1660A Through 1663A Only)For quick and easy updates to the operating system, the logic analyzer usesflash ROMs. To update the flash

9The Common Menu Fields

The Common Menu FieldsThere are a number of fields that appear throughout the differentmenus that have similar operation. These common fields are lis

Print Field 17–18Run Field 17–1818 Error MessagesError Messages 18–3Warning Messages 18–5Advisory Messages 18–819 Specifications and Characterist

Common Menu Fields Menu MapThe Common Menu Fields menu map contains fields that appear inmost, if not all, main menus. When these fields are discusse

System/Analyzer FieldThe System/Analyzer field is always located in the upper-left corner of allmain menus. If you have accessed any of the System co

Menu FieldThe Menu field is always the second field from the left, in the top row offields. The Menu field identifies the System or Analyzer menu you

Print FieldThe Print field allows you to print what is displayed on the screen at the timeyou initiate the printout. When you select the Print field,

Print AllThe Print All option prints not only what data is displayed on the screen, butdata that is below the screen in the Listing, Trace, and Compar

Print DiskThe Print Disk option is very useful if you want to copy the measurementdata in ASCII form to a DOS formatted disk in the disk drive. This

Run/Stop FieldThe Run field starts the analyzer measurement. When Run is selected, theacquired data is displayed in the last measurement display menu

Base FieldThe numeric base for displayed data under each label is set by the Base field.All assigned labels will have a Base field assigned to it. If

Label FieldNew label assignments and existing label name changes are done only in theFormat menu. However, you can insert, delete, replace, or interl

InterleaveWith two state analyzers configured, and the Count fields in the respectiveTrigger menus set to Time, the Interleave option becomes availabl

1Introduction

Label / Base Roll FieldWhen the number of assigned labels becomes greater than the total numberof labels that can be displayed on screen, the analyzer

9–14

10The Configuration Menu

The Configuration MenuThe Configuration menu is one of the analyzer menus that allows youto set analyzer level parameters. For example, in the Config

Name FieldThe Name field allows you to assign a specific name to the analyzer. Thename is entered by using the front-panel alpha keypad or the option

Type FieldThe Type field allows you to configure the logic analyzer with either anexternal clock or an internal clock. When the Type field is selecte

Unassigned Pods ListThe list of Unassigned Pods in the Configuration menu shows the availablepods for the analyzer configuration. Pod grouping and ass

Illegal ConfigurationWhen both analyzers are turned on, the first pod pair 1,2 and the last podpair (5,6 in the 96 channel model or 7,8 in the 128 cha

Activity IndicatorsA portion of the Configuration menu that is not a selectable field is theActivity Indicators. The indicators appear in two places.

System / Analyzer FieldThe function of the System/Analyzer field is the same in all menus. For acomplete definition of the System/Analyzer field, go

Logic Analyzer DescriptionThe Agilent Technologies 1660A Series Logic Analyzers are part of anew generation of general-purpose logic analyzers. The 1

11The Format Menu

The Format MenuThe Format menu is where you assign which data channels aremeasured and what acquisition mode is used to capture valid data.The configu

Format Menu MapThe Format Menu11–3

State Acquisition Mode Field (State only)The State Acquisition Mode field identifies the channel width and memorydepth of the selected acquisition mod

Timing Acquisition Mode Field (Timing only)The Timing Acquisition Mode field displays the acquisition type, the channelwidth, and sampling speed of th

Transitional Acquisition ModeIn Transitional acquisition mode, the timing analyzer samples data at regularintervals, but only stores data when there i

Timing Acquisition Mode SelectionTransitional Full Channel 125 MHz ModeThe total memory depth is 4 Kbytes per channel with a channel width of 34channe

Minimum Transitions Stored Normally, transitions occur at arelatively slow rate. A rate slow enough to insure at least one samplewith no transitions

Transitional Half Channel 250 MHz ModeThe total memory depth is 8 Kbytes with a channel width of 17 channels onone pod. The pod used within the pod p

As you can see, transitions are stored in two different ways, dependingstrictly on chance. Remember that the transition detector only looks at theful

The 500-MHz timing analyzer has conventional, transitional, and glitchtiming modes with variable width, depth, and speed selections.Sequential trigger

In this case, transitions are being detected with each sample. Therefore,they are all being stored. In addition, each sample pair contains a transit

Increasing Duration of Storage In the 125-MHz mode a transition onany one of the 34 bits each sample (if they are all turned on) will causestorage. R

Clock Inputs DisplayBeneath the Clock Inputs display, and next to the activity indicators, is adisplay of all clock inputs available in the present co

Pod FieldThe Pod field identifies which pod of a pod pair the settings of the bitassignment field, pod threshold field, and pod clock fields effect.

Pod Clock Field (State only)The Pod Clock field identifies the type of clock arrangement assigned to eachpod. When the Pod Clock field is selected, a

SlaveThis option specifies that data on a pod designated "Slave Clock" are latchedwhen the status of the slave clock inputs meets the requir

DemultiplexThe Demultiplex mode is used to store two different sets of data that occur atdifferent times on the same channels. In Demultiplex mode, o

When the analyzer sees a match between the slave clock input and the SlaveClock arrangement, Demux Slave data is latched. Then, followed by a matchof

Pod Threshold FieldThe pod threshold field is used to set a voltage level that the data must reachbefore the analyzer recognizes and displays it as a

UserWhen USER is selected as the threshold level, the data signals must reach auser selectable value. The range of this value is between −6.0 volts t

User InterfaceThe 1660 Series analyzers have several easy-to-use user interface devices:the knob, the front panel arrow keys and keypad, the mouse, an

Master and Slave Clock Field (State only)The Master and Slave Clock fields are used to construct a clockingarrangement. A clocking arrangement is the

Clock edges are ORed to clock edges, clock qualifier are ANDed to clockedges, and clock qualifiers can be either ANDed or ORed together. All clockand

Setup/Hold Field (State only)Setup/Hold adjusts the relative position of the clock edge with respect to thetime period that data is valid. When the S

The relationship of the clock signal and valid data under the default setupand hold is shown in the figure below.Default Setup and HoldIf the relation

Symbols FieldThe Symbols field is located directly below the Run field in the upper rightcorner of the Format menu. This field is used to access the

Symbol Located in the DataLabel FieldThe Label field identifies the label for which you are specifying symbols.When you select this field, a selection

Symbol Width FieldThe Symbol Width field is used to specify how many characters of the symbolname will be displayed when the symbol is referenced in t

To add, delete, or modify symbols in the symbol table, select a symbol nameand use one of the following options from the pop-up selection list:Modify

Label and Pod Rolling FieldsThe Label and Pod rolling fields allow you to view offscreen labels and pods.To view offscreen labels, select the Labels r

Label Assignment FieldsThe label assignment fields display the user-defined label names. Customlabel names are used when there are different types of

Configuration CapabilitiesThe five analyzer models in the 1660 Series offer a wide variety of channelwidths and memory depth combinations. The number

Turn Label OffThe Turn Label Off option turns off the label. When a label is turned off, thelabel name and the bit assignments are saved by the logic

Label Polarity FieldsThe Label Polarity fields are used to assign a polarity to each label. Thedefault polarity for all labels is positive ( + ). Yo

Bit Assignment FieldsThe bit assignment fields are used to assign physical channels to labels. Theconvention for bit assignment is as follows:•* (ast

Labels may have from 1 to 32 channels assigned to them. If you try to assignmore than 32 channels to a label, the logic analyzer will beep, indicatin

System / Analyzer FieldThe function of the System/Analyzer field is the same in all menus. For acomplete definition of the System/Analyzer field, go

11–36

12The Trigger Menu

The Trigger MenuThe trigger menu is used to configure when the analyzer triggers,what the analyzer triggers on, and what is stored in acquisitionmemor

Sequence Levels AreaYou use the sequence levels area to view the sequence levels currentlyused in the trigger specification and their timer status. F

Trigger Menu MapThe Trigger Menu12–4

Timing Analyzer Configurations1660A 1661A 1662A 1663A 1664A8K-deep / 68chan. 65 data + 3 data or clock8K-deep / 51chan. 48 data

Trigger Menu Map (Continued)The Trigger Menu12–5

Trigger Sequence LevelsSequence levels are the definable stages of the total triggerspecification. When defined, sequence levels control what theanal

Editing Sequence LevelsThe higher level editing, such as adding or deleting entire sequencelevels, is done using the Modify Trigger field in the main

Modify Trigger FieldThe Modify Trigger field allows you to modify the statements of any singlesequence level as well as other high level actions like

Delete Sequence LevelIf there is more than one sequence level assigned, you are asked which levelto delete.Add Sequence LevelBy default you have one s

Break Down Macros / Restore MacrosWhen a pre-defined macro is broken down, the contents of that macro aredisplayed in the same long form used in the U

Pre-defined Trigger MacrosBoth the state and timing acquisition modes have a macro librarycontaining pre-defined trigger macros. Depending on whichac

State Trigger Macro Library:• User Mode (User-level macro)• Basic Macros• Sequence Dependent Macros• Time Violation Macros• Delay MacrosState Trigger

Using Macros to Create a Trigger SpecificationTo configure a trigger specification using trigger macros, follow theprocedure below.1From the Trigger m

Timing Trigger Macro LibraryThe following list contains all the macros in the Timing Trigger MacroLibrary. They are listed in the same order as they

Key FeaturesKey features of the 1660A Series are listed below:Analyzers•50-MHz (1664A) or 100-MHz state (1660A through 1663A), and 500-MHztiming acqui

Pattern/EdgeCombinations1. Find edge within a valid pattern.This macro becomes true when a selected edge type is seen within the timewindow defined by

State Trigger Macro LibraryThe following list contains all the macros in the State Trigger Macro Library.They are listed in the same order as they app

SequenceDependent macros1. Find event 2 "n" times after event 1, before event 3 occursThis macro becomes true when it first finds a designat

Time Violations 1. Find event 2 occurring too soon after event 1This macro becomes true when a designated pattern 1 is seen, followed by adesignated p

Modifying the User-level MacroBefore you begin building a trigger specification using the User-level macro,it should be noted that in most cases one o

The number of User-level macros you will use, or what you assign to theresource terms is difficult to predict because of the variety of applications.

Example The following statement looks for the positive, negative, or either going edgetype you assigned to term "Edge1" to occur "1&quo

Using Storage QualificationStore qualification enables you to store all data, no data, or just selected data,before trigger occurs.Example The followi

Using the Occurrence CountersOccurs Field When "Occurs" is selected, the < and > duration functionschange to an occurrence counter.

Using the TimerTimers are like other resource terms in that they are either true or false.Timers can be set to Start, Stop, Pause, or Continue as the

Accessories SuppliedThe table below lists the accessories supplied with your logic analyzer. If anyof these accessories are missing, contact your nea

BranchingIf either the < or > durations is used, only the primary "Trigger on" branch isavailable, otherwise each sequence level has t

Resource TermsResource terms are user-defined variables that are assigned tosequence levels. They are placed into the sequence statement wheretheir b

Edge Terms 1 and 2 (Timing only)The two edge terms are only available in the timing analyzer. Edgeterms are assigned either a positive going , negati

Assigning Resource Term Names and ValuesThe Terms field identifies the list of available resource terms within theanalyzer. The resource term names (

Clear (=X) Sets the Term Assignment fields as follows:In Terms a − j, the assignment field is set to all Xs (don’t cares).In Range 1, 2 terms, the two

Edge Terms If you want to qualify an edge, place the appropriate edgeon the data channel you are watching. When the analyzer sees thecorrect edge, th

Timer TermsEach Timer term is assigned to either of the two analyzers, but not both.With timers inserted into sequence levels, you can start a timer i

Label and Base FieldsThe Label and Base fields show up together in all menus except the Formatmenu. When a new label is assigned, a base field is aut

Arming Control FieldThe Arming Control field shown below accesses an Arming Control menu.The Arming Control menu is used to configure the arm signals

Arming Control Between AnalyzersIf both analyzers in a module are turned on, you can configure one analyzerto arm the other. An example of this is wh

Accessories AvailableThere are a number of accessories available that will make your measurementtasks easier and more accurate. You will find these l

Arming Control Using External BNCsA more complex arming example involves passing arm signals in and outthrough the External BNCs on the rear panel.The

Acquisition ControlThe Acquisition Control menu is used to set the acquisition mode, thetrigger position within available memory, and the sample perio

Trigger Position FieldThe Trigger Position field accesses a selection menu with the options ofStart, Center, End, User Defined, or Delay. When an opt

End When the trigger position is set to End, the end point of availablememory is positioned relative to the trigger point. This results inmaximum pre

Count Field (State only)The Count field is used to access a selection menu which is used to stamp theacquisition data at each memory location with eit

Time Time count places time tags on all displayed pretrigger andposttrigger data. Data stored before trigger has negative time numbersand data stored

13The Listing Menu

The Listing MenuThe Listing menu is a display menu for state and timing analyzermeasurements. The listing is a display of data, address, and controls

Listing Menu MapThe Listing Menu13–3

Markers FieldThe Markers field is used to access the markers selection menu. When theMarkers field is selected, a marker selection menu appears with

See Also Accessories for Logic Analyzers for a list of preprocessor modules and theirdescriptions.IntroductionAccessories Available1–10

Pattern MarkersWhen Pattern markers are selected, two markers labeled X and Obecome available. Pattern markers identify and mark unique bitpatterns i

Find X-pattern / O-pattern FieldThe Find X-pattern/O-pattern field is a toggle field. When you toggle theFind X-pattern/O-pattern fields, the functio

Pattern Occurrence FieldsThe X-pattern and O-pattern occurrence fields designate which patternoccurrence the marker is placed on. The occurrence fiel

From Trigger / Start / X Marker FieldThe from Trigger/Start/X marker field is used to access the selection pop-upfor the start point of the X and O ma

Specify Patterns FieldThe Specify Patterns field only appears when the markers are set to Pattern.When the Specify Patterns field is selected, a pop-u

X and O entering / leaving Fields (Timing only)If the analyzer is configured as Timing, the X and O pattern markers areplaced at either the beginning

Pattern Display FieldsThe pattern display field displays the alphanumeric bit pattern specified foreach X and O marker in all designated labels. The

Label and Base FieldsThe Label and Base fields show up together in all menus except the Formatand Configuration menus. When a new label is assigned,

Stop Measurement FieldThe stop measurement function allows you to specify a condition which stopsthe analyzer measurement during a repetitive run. If

X-OThe X-O option is available in the Timing analyzer and in the State analyzerwith its count set to Time.When X-O is selected, a repetitive run is st

2Probing

CompareWhen you select Compare, a repetitive run is stopped when a comparison ofdata in the Listing menu and data and criteria in the Reference listin

Clear Pattern FieldThe Clear Pattern field is used to reset the X and O Marker pattern displayfields back to default (don’t care = X). The Clear Patt

Time MarkersTime markers are indicators located in the data listing that are used asreference marks to obtain time values between each marker, orbetwe

Trig to X / Trig to O FieldsThe Trig to X and Trig to O fields are both display fields as well asconfiguration fields. The Trig to X and Trig to O fi

Statistics MarkersAfter patterns are assigned to the X and O markers, statisticalinformation is available when markers are set to Statistics. The log

Statistics are based on the time between the X and O. Both markersmust be found before valid statistical information is displayed. In repetitive run

States Markers (State only)States markers are indicators located in the data listing that are usedas reference marks to obtain the number of states be

Trig to X / Trig to O FieldsThe Trig to X and Trig to O fields are both display fields as well asconfiguration fields. The Trig to X and Trig to O fi

Data Roll FieldThe column of numbers at the far left represents the location of the acquireddata in the state analyzer’s memory. The numbered positio

Label and Base FieldsThe Label and Base fields show up together in all menus except the Formatand Configuration menus. When a new label is assigned,

ProbingThis chapter contains a description of the probing system for the logicanalyzer. It also contains the information you need for connecting thep

System / Analyzer FieldThe function of the System/Analyzer field is the same in all menus. For acomplete definition of the System/Analyzer field, go

13–26

14The Waveform Menu

The Waveform MenuThe Waveform menu is one of the analyzer display menus. You usethe Waveform menu to view either state or timing data in a formatsimi

Waveform Menu MapThe Waveform Menu14–3

Waveform Menu Map (cont.)The Waveform Menu14–4

Acquisition Control FieldThe function of the Acquisition Control field in the Waveform menu is thesame as in the Trigger menu. Refer to the "Acq

Accumulate FieldThe Accumulate field controls whether old data is cleared or displayed alongwith new data. The Accumulate field will toggle On/Off.

States Per Division Field (State only)When the analyzer Type field in the Configuration menu is set to State, theanalyzer uses external clocks from th

Seconds Per Division Field (Timing only)When the analyzer Type field in the Configuration menu is set to Timing, theanalyzer uses its own internal clo

Microprocessor and Bus Specific InterfacesThere are a number of microprocessor and bus specific interfacesavailable as optional accessories that are l

Delay FieldDepending on the analyzer configuration, a positive or negative delaymeasured in either states or time can be set. The Delay field allows

Sample Period Display (Timing only)The sample period display only appears in a timing analyzer. A sampleperiod is the interval of time between new da

Timing waveforms are reconstructed relevant to the sample period. Theshorter sample period puts more sample points on the waveform for a moreaccurate

Markers FieldThe Markers field is used to access the markers selection menu. When theMarkers field is selected, a marker selection menu appears with

Pattern MarkersWhen Pattern markers are selected, two markers labeled X and Obecome available. Pattern markers identify and mark unique bitpatterns i

X-pat / O-pat Occurrence FieldsThe X-pat/O-pat occurrence fields designate which pattern occurrence themarker is placed on. The occurrence field is s

From Trigger / Start / X Marker FieldThe from Trigger/Start/X marker field is used to access the selection pop-upfor the start point of the X and O ma

X to O Display Field (Timing only)The X to O display field only appears when the analyzer is configured asTiming. The X to O display field shows the

Center Screen FieldThe Center Screen field accessed a menu which allows you to position themarked points of the waveform display relative to the cente

Specify Patterns FieldThe Specify Patterns field only appears when the markers are set to Pattern.When the Specify Patterns field is selected, a pop-u

The termination adapter is designed to connect to a 20 (2x10)position, 4-wall, low-profile, header connector which is a 3M-Series3592 or equivalent.Te

X and O entering / leaving Fields (Timing only)If the analyzer is configured as Timing, the X and O pattern markers areplaced at either the beginning

Pattern Display FieldsThe pattern display field displays the alpha-numeric bit pattern specified foreach X and O marker in all designated labels. The

Label and Base FieldsThe Label and Base fields show up together in all menus except the Formatand Configuration menus. When a new label is assigned,

Stop Measurement FieldThe stop measurement function allows you to specify a condition which stopsthe analyzer measurement during a repetitive run.When

X-OThe X-O option is available in the Timing analyzer and in the State analyzerwith its count set to Time.When X-O is selected, a repetitive run is st

CompareWhen Compare is selected, a repetitive run will be stopped when acomparison of data in the Listing menu and data and criteria in a compareimage

Clear Pattern FieldThe Clear Pattern field is used to reset the X and O Marker pattern displayfields back to default (don’t care = X). The Clear Patt

Time MarkersTime markers are indicators located in the waveform display that areused as reference marks to obtain time values between each marker,or b

Trig to X / Trig to O FieldsThe Trig to X and Trig to O fields display the time between the trigger pointand the marker. They are also used to positi

Marker Label / Base and DisplayThe label field displays the label name for which the X and O marker valuesare assigned. To display other labels, sele

General-Purpose Probing System DescriptionThe standard probing system provided with the logic analyzer consists of aprobe tip assembly, probe cable, a

Statistics MarkersAfter patterns are assigned to the X and O markers, statisticalinformation is available when markers are set to statistics. The log

Statistics are based on the time between the X and O. Both markersmust be found before valid statistical information in displayed. In repetitive run

States Markers (State only)States markers are indicators located in the waveform display that areused as reference marks to obtain the number of state

Trig to X / Trig to O FieldsThe Trig to X and Trig to O fields display the time between the trigger pointand the marker. They are also used to positi

Marker Label / Base and DisplayThe label field displays the label name for which the X and O marker valuesare assigned. To display other labels, sele

Waveform DisplayThe waveform display area of the Waveform menu displays state andtiming waveforms for labels assigned in the Format menu. If theWavef

Display Location Reference LineAt the bottom of the Waveform menu is a reference line whichdisplays the relative location of the display window, the m

Waveform Label FieldThe waveform label field, located on the left side of the waveform display, isboth a display and configuration field. After all d

InsertWhen the Insert option is selected, a list of all labels assigned in the Formatmenu appears. Select the desired label to insert. Select to ins

ReplaceTo replace one waveform with another, select the waveform you wish toreplace, then select the Replace field. When the list of bits (waveforms)

In This BookThe User’s Reference manualcontains field and feature definitionswhich explain the details of theinstrument operation. Use this partof th

Probe and Pod GroundingEach pod is grounded by a long, black, pod ground lead. You can connect theground lead directly to a ground pin on your target

System / Analyzer FieldThe function of the System/Analyzer field is the same in all menus. For acomplete definition of the System/Analyzer field, go

14–40

15The Mixed Display Menu

The Mixed Display Menu (1660A Through1663A Only)The Mixed Display menu is a multidisplay menu which consists of astate listing display located at the

Inserting WaveformsTo insert waveforms use the same procedure for selecting waveforms whenin the Waveform menu.See Also "Waveform Display" i

Time-Correlated DisplaysOnce the Time markers are set in the Waveform display area of the MixedDisplay menu, time-correlated X and O Time markers will

MarkersThe markers in the Mixed Display menu are not the same as in the individualListing and Waveform menus. You must place new Time markers on your

15–6

16The Chart Menu

The Chart MenuState Chart is a software post-processing feature that provides theability to build x-y charts of label activity using state data. The

GrabbersThe grabbers have a small hook that fits around the IC pins and componentleads. The grabbers have been designed to fit on adjacent IC pins on

Label Value vs. Label Value ChartsWhen labels are assigned to both axis, the chart shows how the dataacquired under one label varies in relation to th

Chart Menu MapThe Chart Menu16–4

Chart Menu Map (cont.)The Chart Menu16–5

Selecting the Axes for the ChartWhen using the State Chart display, you first select what data youwant plotted on each axis. The vertical y-axis will

Y-axis Label Value FieldThe y-axis label field displays the label assigned to the vertical y-axis.Vertical axis labels are assigned by selecting the y

X-axis Label / State Type FieldThe Label/State type field displays the axis type assigned to the horizontalaxis. The x-axis represents state data valu

Scaling the AxesWhen the x-axis is set to State, the horizontal axis represents statememory location numbers. The range of the x-axis can be a single

Min and Max Scaling FieldsEither axis of the x-y chart can be scaled by using the associated vertical orhorizontal min (minimum) or max (maximum) valu

Markers / Range FieldThe Marker/Range field is a toggle field that switches between Markers andRange when it is selected. If the field is set to Range

Pattern MarkersWhen Pattern is selected from the markers type selection menu, twomarkers labeled X and O become available. Pattern markers identifyan

Assembling the Probing SystemThe general-purpose probing system components are assembled as shown tomake a connection between the measured signal line

Find X-pattern / O-pattern FieldThe Find X-pattern / O-pattern Field is a toggle field. When selected, theoccurrence and trace start field assignment

Pattern Occurrence FieldsThe X-pattern and O-pattern occurrence fields designate which patternoccurrence the marker is placed on. The occurrence fiel

From Trigger / Start / X-Marker FieldsThe from Trigger/Start/X-marker field is used to access the selection pop-upfor the start point of the X and O m

Specify Patterns FieldThe Specify Patterns field only appears when the markers are set to Pattern.When the Specify Patterns field is selected, a pop-u

Pattern Display FieldsThe pattern display fields display the alpha-numeric bit pattern specified foreach X and O marker in all designated labels. The

Label and Base FieldsThe Label and Base fields show up together in all menus except the Formatand Configuration menus. When a new label is assigned,

Stop Measurement FieldThe Stop measurement function allows you to specify a condition whichstops the analyzer measurement during a repetitive run.When

X-OThe X-O option is available when the Count field in the Trigger menu is set toTime.When X-O is selected, a repetitive run is stopped when a compari

CompareWhen Compare is selected, a repetitive run is stopped when a comparison ofdata in the Listing menu and data and criteria in a compare image mat

Clear Pattern FieldThe Clear Pattern field is used to reset the X and O Marker pattern displayfields back to default (don’t care = X). The Clear Patt

Connecting Probe Cables to the Logic AnalyzerAll probe cables are installed at the factory. If you need to replace a probecable, refer to the Service

Time MarkersTime markers are indicators located in the x-y chart that are used asreference marks to obtain time values between each marker, orbetween

Trig to X / Trig to O FieldsThe Trig to X and Trig to O fields are both display fields as well asconfiguration fields. The Trig to X and Trig to O fi

Statistics MarkersAfter patterns are assigned to the X and O markers, statisticalinformation is available when markers are set to Statistics. The log

Statistics are based on the time between the X and O markers. Bothmarkers must be found before valid statistical information isdisplayed. In repetiti

States MarkersStates markers are indicators located in the x-y chart that are used asreference marks to obtain the number of states between each marke

Trig to X / Trig to O FieldsThe Trig to X and Trig to O fields are both display fields as well asconfiguration fields. The Trig to X and Trig to O fi

System / Analyzer FieldThe function of the System/Analyzer field is the same in all menus. For acomplete definition of the System/Analyzer field, go

16–30

17The Compare Menu

The Compare MenuState Compare is a software postprocessing feature that provides theability to do a bit by bit comparison between the acquired state d

Disconnecting Probe Leads from Probe Tip AssembliesWhen you receive the logic analyzer, the probe leads are already installed inthe probe tip assembli

Compare Post-Processing FeaturesYou can view in separate listings the acquired data, your referencelisting, and a listing that highlights the bits in

Compare Menu MapThe Compare Menu17–4

Reference Listing FieldThe Reference listing and Difference listing field is a toggle field thatswitches the listing type between the Reference image

Difference Listing FieldThe Reference listing and Difference listing field is a toggle field thatswitches the listing type between the Reference image

The controls that roll the listing in all three menus, the normal State listing,the Reference listing, and the Difference listing are synchronized unl

Copy Listing to Reference FieldThe initial Reference image is generated by either copying the data listingfrom the listing menu or by loading an analy

Find Error FieldThe Find Error field allows you to easily locate any patterns that did notmatch in the last comparison. Occurrences of differences, or

Compare Full / Compare Partial FieldThe Compare Full / Compare Partial field is a toggle field which allows you tocompare either the full range of sta

Mask FieldThe channel masking field is used to specify a bit, or bits in each label thatyou do not want compared. This causes the corresponding bits i

Specify Stop Measurement FieldThe Stop measurement function allows you to specify a condition whichstops the analyzer measurement during a repetitive

Connecting the Grabbers to the ProbesConnect the grabbers to the probe leads by slipping the connector at the endof the probe onto the recessed pin lo

CompareWhen Compare is selected, a repetitive run is stopped when a comparison ofdata in the Listing menu and data and criteria in a Reference image m

X-OThe X-O option is available in the State analyzer with its count set to Time.When X-O is selected, a repetitive run is stopped when a comparison of

Data Roll FieldThe column of numbers at the far left represents the location of the acquireddata in the state analyzer’s memory. The numbered positio

Bit Editing FieldThe bit editing fields are located in the center of the Reference listingdisplay. A bit editing field exists for every label in the

Label and Base FieldsThe Label and Base fields show up together in all menus except the Formatand Configuration menus. When a new label is assigned,

System / Analyzer FieldThe function of the System/Analyzer field is the same in all menus. For acomplete definition of the System/Analyzer field, go

18Error Messages

IntroductionThis chapter lists the online messages that appear when using theanalyzer. Depending on the measurement or configurationcircumstance, th

Error MessagesMust have at least 1 edge specified. You must assign at least oneclock edge to one of the available clocks in the Master clockingarrangm

Cannot insert after last sequence level. Sequence levels cannot beadded after the last level. Add levels before the last level.Last level of state se

ProbingAssembling the Probing System2–12

Warning MessagesWaiting for Prestore. This message is displayed for a timing analyzerwaiting for prestore.Search failed - X pattern not found. The X p

Two pod pairs are needed to use both timers. If both timers arebeing used in a single chip analyzer, and there are no spare chips, thismessage is show

Ymin is greater than Ymax. The value assigned to Y minimum isgreater than the value assigned to Y maximum.Xmin is greater than Xmax. The value assigne

Advisory MessagesComputing chart information. Please Wait. This message isdisplayed when the analyzer is busy computing the data to be charted.When t

19Specifications andCharacteristics

Specifications and CharacteristicsThis chapter lists the specifications and characteristics. Thespecifications are the performance standards against

SpecificationsMaximum State Speed 100 MHz (1660A through 1663A) 50 MHz (1664A)Minimum State Clock Pulse Wid

Specifications and CharacteristicsSpecifications are marked with an asterisk (*)ProbesInput Resistance 100 kohm +/-2%Input Capacitance ~8pF (see Figur

State AnalysisMaximum State Speed* 100 MHz (1660A through 1664A) 50 MHz (1664A)Channel Count [1]1660A 136

Minimum Master to Slave Clock Time [2]0.0 nsMinimum Slave to Master Clock Time [2]4.0 nsClock Qualifiers Setup/Hold [2]4.0/0 ns (fixed)State Tagging [

3Using the Front-Panel Interface

Transitional Timing [1]Sample is stored in acquisition memory onlywhen the data changes. A time tag stored with each sample allowsreconstruction of wa

Time Interval AccuracySample Period Accuracy +/- 0.01 %Channel-to-Channel Skew 2 ns typical, 3.0 maximumTime Interval Accuracy+/- (Sample Period + cha

Glitch/Edge Width 1660A 1361661A 1021662A 681663A 341664A 34Glitch/Edge Recovery Time Sample period 2-8 ns: 28 ns.Sample period > 8 ns: 20 ns + sam

Timers Qty. 2. Timers may be Started, Paused, or Continued at entryinto any sequence level after the first.Timer Range 400 ns to 500 sTimer Resolutio

Measurement FunctionsRun Starts acquisition of data in specified trace mode.Stop In single trace mode or the first run of a repetitive acquisition,Sto

Stop Measurement Repetitive acquisitions may be halted when thecomparison between the current state acquisition and the currentCompare Image is equal

Displayed Waveforms 24 lines maximum on one screen. Up to 96 linesmay be specified and scrolled through.Timing Waveform Display Displays timing acquis

Operating EnvironmentTemperature: Instrument, 0°C to 55°C. Probe lead sets and cables, 0°C to 65°C (32°F to 149°F).Humidity: Instrument, probe lead se

20Operator’s Service

Operator’s ServiceThis chapter provides the operator with information on how to prepare thelogic analyzer for use, and contains self-tests and flow ch

The Front-Panel InterfaceThis chapter explains how to use the front-panel user interface. Thefront and rear-panel controls and connectors are explain

Preparing For UseThis section gives you instructions for preparing the logic analyzer foruse. Power RequirementsThe logic analyzer requires a power so

To inspect the logic analyzer1 Inspect the shipping container for damage.If the shipping container or cushioning material is damaged, keep them untily

Ferrite Installation InstructionsUse the following steps to install the ferrite on the logic analyzer cable.1Place the ferrite halves and spacer on th

To apply powerCAUTIONElectrostatic discharge can damage electronic components. Use groundedwriststraps and mats when performing any service to the lo

To set the line voltageWhen shipped from the factory, the line voltage selector is set and anappropriate fuse is installed for operating the instrumen

4 Reconnect the power cord. Turn on the instrument by setting thepower switch to the On position.To degauss the displayIf the logic analyzer has been

TroubleshootingThis section helps you troubleshoot the logic analyzer to find theproblem. The troubleshooting consists of flowcharts, self-testinstru

Troubleshooting Flowchart 1Operator’s ServiceTo use the flowcharts20-10

Troubleshooting Flowchart 2Operator’s ServiceTo use the flowcharts20-11

To check the power-up testsThe logic analyzer automatically performs power-up tests when you applypower to the instrument. The revision number of th

Front-Panel ControlsIn order to apply the user interface quickly, you should know what thefollowing front-panel controls do.Front-Panel LayoutThe Curs

To run the self-tests (1660A through 1663A)Self-tests identify the correct operation of major functional areas of theinstrument. You can run all self

3 Insert the disk containing the performance verification tests(self-tests) into the disk drive. Select the box labeled Load TestSystem, then select

6 Select Run, then select Single. To run a test continuously, select Repetitive. Select Stop to halt a repetitivetest.For a Single run, the test runs

7 To exit the ROM Test, select Done. Note that the status changes toPassed or Failed.8 Install a formatted disk that is not write protected into the

11 Select Sys PV, then select Analy PV in the pop-up menu. Select Chip2 Tests.You can run all the analyzer tests at one time by selecting All Analyze

13 Select Board Tests, then select Run. When the Board Tests arefinished, select Done.14 Select Data Input Inspection. All lines should show activit

To run the self-tests (1664A)Self-tests identify the correct operation of major functional areas of theinstrument. You can run all self-tests without

5Select the Chip 5 Tests menu and press the Select key.6 Select Run, then select Single. The test runs one time, then thescreen shows the results. W

7 Select Board Tests, then select Run. When the Board Tests arefinished, select Done.8 Select Data Input Inspection. All lines should show activity.

10 Select the Printer/Controller field next to Sys PV. Select System Testand press the Select key to access the system tests.You can run all tests at

Analyzer type considerationsIn the Configuration menu you have the choice of configuring ananalyzer machine as either a State analyzer or a Timing ana

System Menu Key The System key allows you to access the Systemsubset menus. The subset menus are the Disk, RS-232 / GPIB(Printer/Controller for 16

12 Select Run, then select Single. To run a test continuously, select Repetitive. Select Stop to halt a repetitivetest.For a Single run, the test run

13 To exit the ROM Test, select Done. Note that the status changes toPassed or Failed.14 Install a formatted disk that is not write protected into th

1717 To exit the tests, press the System key, then select Exit Test in thepop-up menu and press the select key. Reinstall the disk containingthe ope

To test the auxiliary powerThe +5 V auxiliary power is protected by a current overload protectiondevice. If the current on pins 1 and 39 exceed 0.33

Index!() field less than 12-22() field greater than 12-22AAccessoriesavailable 1-9 - 1-10preprocessor modules 1-9supplied 1-8Accumulate field 14-6Acqu

cursor 1-4, 3-3moving with home key 4-3Cursor keysduplicating knob motion 4-3DData bitsdefined 7-11supported 7-11Data Roll field 13-23, 17-15Degaussin

Kkeyboard 1-4, 4-2Clear Display key 4-4Clear Line key 4-4cursor keys 4-3defining units of measure 4-7Delete Line key 4-4Done key 4-8edge assignment 4-

levels 11-19Pod Threshold field 11-19 - 11-20Pod Thresholds 2-7Pop-up Menus 3-15Post-processing Featureschart menu 16-2compare menu 17-3Power On 3-10P

State Acquisition Mode Field 11-4State Data in Timing Waveform Display14-37State tags 12-39State/State display 9-12States Markers 13-21chart menu 16-2

XX to O Display Field 13-18, 13-22, 14-32,16-24, 16-28X to O field 14-16X-axes Label/State Value field 16-8YY-axes Label Value field 16-7IndexIndex -

When you select an assignment field, it opens. When the Select key ispressed in an opened assignment field, either a highlighted option isassigned, o

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITYaccording to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014Manufacturer’s Name:Agilent TechnologiesManufacturer’s Address:Digital Design Produ

Product RegulationsSafety IEC 348:1978 / HD 401 S1:1981UL 1244CSA-C22.2 No. 231 (Series M-89)EMC This Product meets the requirement of the European Co

 Copyright AgilentTechnologies 1991-2000All Rights Reserved.MS-DOS  is a USregistered trademark ofMicrosoft Corporation.Reproduction, adaptation, o

Product WarrantyThis Agilent Technologiesproduct has a warrantyagainst defects in materialand workmanship for a periodof one year from date ofshipment

Run/Rep KeyThe Run key starts a data acquisition in any run mode you specify. After theacquisition, the analyzer (state or timing) is automatically

Hexadecimal KeypadThe hexadecimal keypad allows you to enter numeric values in numeric entryfields. You enter values in the four number bases Binary,

Rear-Panel Controls and ConnectorsIn order to apply the user interface quickly, you should know what thefollowing rear-panel controls do:Rear Panel La

Intensity ControlAllows you to set the display brightness to a comfortable level.Pod Cable ConnectorsThese are keyed connectors for connecting the pod

How to Power-up The AnalyzerThe method for powering up the analyzer is dependent on the model.For the 1660A through 1663A, simply set the front panel

How to Select MenusThere are two ways of selecting menus.1 Press any one of the five front-panel MENU keys.2 Or, press the front-panel arrow keys and

3. Press the Up/Down arrow keys or turn the knob to highlight the desiredmenu name as shown below, then press the Select key.In many applications, bot

How to Select the System MenusOne of the six MENU keys is the System key. You use the System key toaccess a set of menus that are used to configure s

The Chart Menu16The Compare Menu17Error Messages18Specifications andCharacteristics19Operator’s Service20Indexv

To return to one of the analyzer menus, do the following:4 Press any of the five MENU keys.Another way to look at the System menu set and the analyzer

How to Select FieldsThe process of selecting individual fields within the main menus is simply tohighlight the desired field and then press the Select

3 Press the arrow keys to highlight the "Trigger on" field as shown, thenpress the Select key.A second pop-up appears with all the variable

Toggle FieldsSome fields will simply toggle between two options (like, On/Off). Thefollowing example illustrates a toggle field in the Format menu.1Pr

How to Configure OptionsWith one exception, the process of selecting an option within a pop-up menuis the same as selecting any typical field in a mai

How to Enter Numeric DataThere are a number of pop-up menus in which you enter numeric data. Thetwo major types are as follows:•Numeric entry with fix

3 Press the Up/Down arrow keys or turn the knob to highlight the Userfield, then press the Select key.4 Press the arrow keys or turn the knob to set t

How to Enter Alpha DataYou can customize your analyzer configuration by giving names to severalitems:•The name of each analyzer.•Labels.•Symbols.•File

3 Using the alpha keypad, enter a custom name as shown below.A custom name can contain up to 10 letters. As you type the new name, theold name is ove

How to Roll Offscreen DataIf there is offscreen data, it must be rolled back onscreen before it can beviewed or acted upon. The types of data you typ

vi

4 Press the analyzer Format MENU key.5 Notice the roll indicator in the Pods roll field as shown. Rotate theknob and notice how pods A1 through A4 ar

How to Use Assignment/Specification MenusThere are a number of assignment fields which you must assign or specifywhat you want the instrument to do. M

When the channel assignment field is selected, an assignment pop-upappears showing you the bit or channel to be assigned, and the two choicesdirectly

Specifying PatternsCertain assignment fields require bit patterns to be specified. Patterns canbe specified in any one of the available number bases,

Specifying EdgesCertain assignment fields require edge assignments to be specified. An edgecan be specified in any one of the available number bases.

When the Edge and Glitch assignment field is selected, an assignment pop-upappears showing you the bit or channel to be assigned, and the five choices

3–30

4Using the Mouse and theOptional Keyboard

The Mouse and the Optional KeyboardThis chapter explains how to use the mouse and the optionalkeyboard interface (Agilent Technologies E2427A Keyboard

Moving the CursorThe keyboard cursor is the location on the screen highlighted in inversevideo. To move the cursor, follow one of the methods describ

Contents1 IntroductionUser Interface 1–4Configuration Capabilities 1–5Key Features 1–7Accessories Supplied 1–8Accessories Available 1–92 ProbingG

Mouse Cursor MovementThe mouse pointer (+) is positioned around the screen by moving the mouseabout on top of a desktop or other even surface.Selectin

Using the Keyboard OverlaysTwo keyboard overlays are included in the E2427A Keyboard Kit. Theoverlays shown below redefine functions of the function

Numeric Keypad OverlayKey Function PerformedTab Don’t care "X"Enter DoneStop (unlabeled) StopUsing the Mouse and the Optional KeyboardUsing

Defining Units of MeasureIn addition to the function keys, other keys on the keyboard invoke the unitof measure selections.Time UnitsKey Time UnitsS S

Assigning Edge TriggersSeveral keys invoke edge assignments.Key Edge Trigger AssignmentU Selects the up or rising edge.D Selects the down or falling e

5Connecting a Printer

Connecting a PrinterThe logic analyzer can output its screen display to various GPIB,RS-232C, and Centronix graphics printers (1664A only). Configure

GPIB PrintersThe logic analyzer interfaces directly with HP PCL printers supporting theprinter command language or with Epson printers supporting the

2 Make sure the printer is in Listen Always (or Listen Only). Forexample, the figure below shows the GPIB configuration switches foran GPIB ThinkJet

GPIB Configuration (1660A through 1663A)From the RS-232 / GPIB menu, perform the following steps to configure theGPIB interface for printing:1Select t

5 Connecting a PrinterGPIB Printers 5–3RS-232C Printers 5–8Parallel Printers (1664A Only) 5–13Connecting to Other Hewlett-Packard Printers 5–15Pri

If you select 132 characters per line when using other than the QuietJetselection, the listings are printed in a compressed mode. Compressed modeuses

GPIB Configuration Menu (1664A)If you select 132 characters per line for the QuietJet selection it can print afull 132 characters per line without goi

RS-232C PrintersThe instrument interfaces directly with RS-232C printers including the HPThinkJet, HP QuietJet, HP LaserJet, HP PaintJet, and HP DeskJ

2 Before turning on the printer, locate the mode configuration switcheson the printer and configure them as follows:•The HP QuietJet series printers h

RS-232C Configuration (1660A through 1663A)From the RS-232 / GPIB menu, perform the following steps to configure theRS-232 interface for printing:1Sel

5 Select the "Print Width" field. The print width toggles between 80 and132. Select the width for your application or leave it at the defa

See Also "RS-232 / GPIB Interface" chapter for more information on selecting the baudrate, stop bits, parity, and protocol to match the setu

Parallel Printers (1664A Only)The 1664A interfaces directly with Centronix (parallel) printers including theHP ThinkJet, HP QuietJet, HP LaserJet, HP

2 When the pop-up appears, select "Printer Connected to Parallel Port"field, and toggle to the Printer selection as shown below.3 Select the

Connecting to Other Hewlett-Packard PrintersThe instrument can also be used with other Hewlett-Packard graphicsprinters. Simply connect the printer t

9 The Common Menu FieldsSystem/Analyzer Field 9–4Menu Field 9–5Print Field 9–6Run/Stop Field 9–9Base Field 9–10Label Field 9–11Label / Base Roll

GPIB printers must support Listen Always to work with the instrument. TheHP 82906A graphics printer is not supported because it does not supportListen

Printing the DisplayAfter connecting the printer to the instrument and setting the printer andinstrument configurations, apply power to the printer.Ea

5–18

6Disk Drive Operations

Disk Drive OperationsThe logic analyzer has a built in 3.5 inch, double-sided, high-density ordouble-density, flexible disk drive. The disk drive is

• LoadInstrument system configurations, analyzer measurement setups,including measurement data, and inverse assembler files for theanalyzer can be loa

Menu MapThe figure below displays a menu map for the System Disk menu.Disk Drive Menu MapDisk Drive Operations6–4

How to Access the Disk MenuTo access the System Disk menu, perform the following steps:1 Press the System MENU key.If you have just turned on the inst

How to Install a DiskTo install a flexible disk into the disk drive, perform the following steps:1 Hold the disk so the disk label is on top and the m

How to Select a Disk OperationAlthough some default values are provided for disk operations, a diskoperation may require additional information from t